/*=========================================================================

  Program:   ORFEO Toolbox
  Language:  C++
  Date:      $Date$
  Version:   $Revision$


  Copyright (c) Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales. All rights reserved.
  See OTBCopyright.txt for details.

  Some parts of this code are derived from ITK. See ITKCopyright.txt
  for details.


     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notices for more information.

=========================================================================*/


//  Software Guide : BeginLatex
//
//  The \doxygen{itk}{PointSet} class uses an internal container to manage the storage of
//  \doxygen{itk}{Point}s. It is more efficient, in general, to manage points by using the
//  access methods provided directly on the points container. The following
//  example illustrates how to interact with the point container and how to use
//  point iterators.
//
//  Software Guide : EndLatex

#include "itkPointSet.h"

int main(int, char *[])
{
  typedef itk::PointSet<unsigned short, 2> PointSetType;

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The type is defined by the \emph{traits} of the PointSet
  //  class. The following line conveniently takes the PointsContainer type
  //  from the PointSet traits and declare it in the global namespace.
  //
  //  \index{itk::PointSet!PointsContainer}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  typedef PointSetType::PointsContainer PointsContainer;
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The actual type of the PointsContainer depends on what style of
  //  PointSet is being used. The dynamic PointSet use the
  //  \doxygen{itk}{MapContainer} while the static PointSet uses the
  //  \doxygen{itk}{VectorContainer}. The vector and map containers are basically
  //  ITK wrappers around the \href{http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/}{STL}
  //  classes \href{http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Map.html}{\code{std::map}}
  //  and \href{http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Vector.html}{\code{std::vector}}.
  //  By default, the PointSet uses a static style, hence the default
  //  type of point container is an VectorContainer.  Both the map
  //  and vector container are templated over the type of the elements they
  //  contain. In this case they are templated over PointType.
  //  Containers are reference counted object. They are then created with the
  //  \code{New()} method and assigned to a \doxygen{itk}{SmartPointer} after
  //  creation.  The following line creates a point container compatible with
  //  the type of the PointSet from which the trait has been taken.
  //
  //  \index{PointsContainer!New()}
  //  \index{PointsContainer!Pointer}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  PointsContainer::Pointer points = PointsContainer::New();
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  Points can now be defined using the \code{PointType} trait from the
  //  PointSet.
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  typedef PointSetType::PointType PointType;
  PointType p0;
  PointType p1;
  p0[0] = -1.0;
  p0[1] = 0.0;  // Point 0 = {-1, 0 }
  p1[0] =  1.0;
  p1[1] = 0.0;  // Point 1 = { 1, 0 }
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The created points can be inserted in the PointsContainer using the
  //  generic method \code{InsertElement()} which requires an identifier to
  //  be provided for each point.
  //
  //  \index{PointsContainer!InsertElement()}
  //  \index{PointsContainer!InsertElement()}
  //  \index{itk::VectorContainer!InsertElement()}
  //  \index{itk::MapContainer!InsertElement()}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  unsigned int pointId = 0;
  points->InsertElement(pointId++, p0);
  points->InsertElement(pointId++, p1);
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  PointSetType::Pointer pointSet = PointSetType::New();

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  Finally the PointsContainer can be assigned to the PointSet. This will
  //  substitute any previously existing PointsContainer on the PointSet. The
  //  assignment is done using the \code{SetPoints()} method.
  //
  //  \index{itk::PointSet!SetPoints()}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  pointSet->SetPoints(points);
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The PointsContainer object can be obtained from the PointSet using the
  //  \code{GetPoints()} method.  This method returns a pointer
  //  to the actual container owned by the PointSet which is then assigned to
  //  a SmartPointer.
  //
  //  \index{itk::PointSet!GetPoints()}
  //  \index{PointsContainer!Pointer}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  PointsContainer::Pointer points2 = pointSet->GetPoints();
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The most efficient way to sequentially visit the points is to use the
  //  iterators provided by PointsContainer. The \code{Iterator} type belongs
  //  to the traits of the PointsContainer classes. It behaves pretty much like
  //  the STL iterators.\footnote{If you dig deep enough into the code, you
  //  will discover that these iterators are actually ITK wrappers around STL
  //  iterators.}  The Points iterator is not a reference counted class, so it
  //  is created directly from the traits without using SmartPointers.
  //
  //  \index{PointsContainer!Iterator}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  typedef PointsContainer::Iterator PointsIterator;
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The subsequent use of the iterator follows what you may expect from a STL
  //  iterator. The iterator to the first point is obtained from the container
  //  with the \code{Begin()} method and assigned to another iterator.
  //
  //  \index{PointsContainer!Begin()}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  PointsIterator pointIterator = points->Begin();
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  The \code{++} operator on the iterator can be used to advance from one
  //  point to the next. The actual value of the Point to which the iterator is
  //  pointing can be obtained with the \code{Value()} method. The loop for
  //  walking through all the points can be controlled by comparing the current
  //  iterator with the iterator returned by the \code{End()} method of the
  //  PointsContainer. The following lines illustrate the typical loop for
  //  walking through the points.
  //
  //  \index{PointsContainer!End()}
  //  \index{PointsContainer!Iterator}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  PointsIterator end = points->End();
  while (pointIterator != end)
    {
    PointType p = pointIterator.Value();   // access the point
    std::cout << p << std::endl;           // print the point
    ++pointIterator;                       // advance to next point
    }
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  //  Software Guide : BeginLatex
  //
  //  Note that as in STL, the iterator returned by the \code{End()} method is
  //  not a valid iterator. This is called a past-end iterator in order to
  //  indicate that it is the value resulting from advancing one step after
  //  visiting the last element in the container.
  //
  //  The number of elements stored in a container can be queried with the
  //  \code{Size()} method. In the case of the PointSet, the following two
  //  lines of code are equivalent, both of them returning the number of points
  //  in the PointSet.
  //
  //  \index{itk::PointSet!GetNumberOfPoints()}
  //  \index{itk::PointSet!GetPoints()}
  //  \index{PointsContainer!Size()}
  //
  //  Software Guide : EndLatex

  // Software Guide : BeginCodeSnippet
  std::cout << pointSet->GetNumberOfPoints() << std::endl;
  std::cout << pointSet->GetPoints()->Size() << std::endl;
  // Software Guide : EndCodeSnippet

  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
